HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda Item - 2021-05-04 - Number 6.1 - Police Department Recruitment, Hiring, and Training Overview 6.1
COUNCIL REPORT
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Subject: Police Officer Hiring Process
Meeting Date: May 4, 2021 Staff Member: Dale Jorgensen, Chief of Police
Department: Police Department
Action Required Advisory Board/Commission Recommendation
❑ Motion ❑ Approval
❑ Public Hearing ❑ Denial
❑ Ordinance ❑ None Forwarded
❑ Resolution ❑x Not Applicable
❑x Information Only Comments:
❑ Council Direction
❑ Consent Agenda
Staff Recommendation: Not Applicable
Recommended Language for Motion: Not Applicable
Project/ Issue Relates To: Community Dialogue on Policing
Issue before Council (Highlight Policy Question):
❑x Council Goals/Priorities ❑Adopted Master Plan(s) ❑Not Applicable
ISSUE BEFORE COUNCIL
Review of the police officer hiring process as part of the Community Dialogue on Policing.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Throughout the dialogue on community policing, community members and Council raised
questions about how the City hires police officers, and current law enforcement data for Lake
Oswego. This report provides an overview of the police officer recruitment, hiring and training
processes. Information on use of force and traffic stop data will be discussed during the Council
meeting on May 18, 2021.
503.635.0215 380 A Avenue PO BOX 369 Lake Oswego, OR 97034 www.lakeoswego.city
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BACKGROUND
The Lake Oswego Police Department (LOPD) is committed to fostering a welcoming community
by providing law enforcement services that prioritize respect, integrity and kindness. LOPD
strives to be the voice of reason in all circumstances, and values cultivating relationships to
build and sustain community trust, with the goal of ensuring all who live, work, and visit Lake
Oswego feel safe. LOPD's recruiting process aims to reflect department values and community
expectations by seeking candidates with strong interpersonal communication skills and
emotional intelligence. There are currently 43 sworn police officers. On average, five officers
are hired each year.
DISCUSSION
Recruitment Process Overview
Like other open positions within the City, police officer recruitment begins once there is a
vacancy. The process begins by advertising the position on the City's website and the National
Testing Network (NTN), as well as other methods of recruitment.
The NTN is a website that tests candidates for public safety jobs and provides a nationwide
database of open law enforcement positions. The City contracted with NTN two years ago to
better recruit outside of the Pacific Northwest for police officer candidates.
Other avenues of recruitment include:
• Word of mouth.
• Participating in public safety career fairs.
• Internship program: Partnerships with Portland State University, Clackamas Community
College, Pioneer Pacific, and other educational institutions that have a criminal justice
program have resulted in several hires over the last two decades.
• Community Service Officer (CSO): This position trains, develops and prepares candidates
to fill sworn police officer positions. CSOs are not certified police officers, do not attend
the law enforcement academy, and function in a support role. CSOs assist police officers
for ordinance violation calls, traffic crashes, and prisoner transports. These duties
create a natural conduit into the police officer profession.
The above approaches aim to increase and diversify the applicant pool by introducing the path
to a law enforcement career to a broad range of candidates.
Hiring Process Overview
The hiring of police officers typically follows the process outlined below.
503.635.0215 380 A Avenue PO BOX 369 Lake Oswego, OR 97034 www.lakeoswego.city
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National Testing Network (NTN): In addition to advertising open police officer positions,
candidates that come from other avenues of recruitment—whether from the City website,
internship programs, CSOs, etc. --- are directed to submit materials through the NTN.
The NTN administers pre-hire exams, including reading, writing, video scenarios and the Oregon
Physical Abilities Test (ORPAT). Candidates also submit a Personal History Questionnaire (PHQ)
that helps to identify potential disqualifying factors. Candidates who did not complete or pass
exams, did not attach a PHQ, or had issues identified are not invited to proceed. The NTN's
initial ranking of candidates considers an average of reading, writing, video scenario scores,
information in the PHQ, and passing the ORPAT. Pre-hire testing has been limited as a result of
COVID-related closures and attendance restrictions.
Spark Hire Interview: Candidates with high rankings in the candidate pool participate in a one-
way, short (3-minute) recorded video interview, using the Spark Hire platform. Spark Hire is a
video interviewing software that helps to eliminate barriers to conducting initial in-person
interviews. Through Spark Hire, candidates receive a link to several interview questions, record
responses and submit a short video recording. Using Spark Hire helps expand the interview pool
beyond that which could be accomplished through a more labor-intensive application process.
The hiring team evaluates the submitted interview recordings and selects the top candidates
for in-person interviews.
In-Person Interview: The interview panel consists of Police Command Staff and employees from
various police units and from the City's Human Resources Department to represent a variety of
perspectives. Interview scores are based on a candidate's response to questions about thought
process, integrity, ethics, decision-making, ability to work under stressful conditions and
preparation for, or knowledge of, a law enforcement career.
Background Packets: Top applicants from the in-person interview receive detailed background
packets, with the applicant's responses used to conduct an in-depth background check.
Potential issues are noted, such as dishonesty about drug use, criminal involvement, a pattern
of poor decision-making, substandard interpersonal communication skills and the inability to
work through stressful situations. The background investigator contacts family, friends, and
former or current places of employment. If an applicant resides out of the area, the background
investigator travels to their location to review information and speak with neighbors and
associates. This is one of the most important components of the hiring process and usually
takes a minimum of four weeks to finish. Upon completion, the Chief reviews all information
from the testing, interviews, background packet, and the background investigator. Candidates
that pass the Chief's review of the above then move onto an interview with the Chief.
Chief's Interview: The Chief asks specific questions regarding the information learned through
the testing, in-person interview and background process. The Chief evaluates the candidate's
interpersonal communication skills, temperament and emotional intelligence. Candidates who
pass the Chief's interview are ranked, with the highest ranked receiving a "Conditional Job
503.635.0215 380 A Avenue PO BOX 369 Lake Oswego, OR 97034 www.lakeoswego.city
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Offer," subject to undergoing two final steps: a medical exam and a psychological exam,
pursuant to the Oregon Administrative Rules cited below.
Medical Exam (OAR 259-008-0010 (7)): The medical exam is a basic physical exam for a doctor's
evaluation that the candidate can medically execute essential job functions. This is strictly a
medical exam and is not the same as the ORPAT used during initial candidate screening. The
candidate will also have a pre-employment drug screen.
Psychological Exam (OAR 259-008-0010 (10) and ORS 181A.485): Dr. David Corey has been
administering pre-employment psychological examinations for LOPD for over 20 years. Dr.
Corey is a board-certified specialist in both forensic psychology and police and public safety
psychology with the American Board of Professional Psychology. He is a Fellow of the American
Psychological Association, founding president of the American Board of Police & Public Safety
Psychology, and current chair of the Specialty Council for Police and Public Safety Psychology.
His Lake Oswego practice consists primarily of conducting and researching evaluations of police
suitability and fitness for duty for local, state, and federal agencies. Dr. Corey will be available
for questions during the May 4, 2021 Council meeting. Topics to discuss with Dr. Corey might
include the criteria used for evaluating police candidates, the methods used for evaluation and
the degree to which pre-employment psychological screening ensures successful post-hire
performance.
Candidates with a Conditional Job Offer that pass both exams receive a job offer and a start
date. A training plan is developed upon acceptance of the job offer.
Training Overview
The police officer training program is extensive and based on industry best practices. Every
officer is required to complete the Field Training Evaluation Program (FTEP). The FTEP program
consists of four seven-week phases. During the first phase, new officers learn basic procedures,
such as report writing and driving. In phases two through four, new officers receive hands-on
training with three different FTEP-trained Lake Oswego police officers. Training builds increased
skill and exposure to different shifts as phases advance. Each shift provides new officers with
opportunities to respond to various types of calls and engage with diverse segments of the
community. New officers are graded daily on appearance, attitude, knowledge of criminal laws,
traffic codes, city codes and problem-solving.
The Police Academy: In addition to 28 weeks of FTEP, new officers complete the Department of
Public Safety Standards and Training (DPSST) police academy in Salem. This is a 16-week
training program with 640 hours of coursework, approved by the State of Oregon that provides
training on knowledge and skills. Of the 640 hours, 60.5 hours are Community Relations
trainings, which include Communication, Community Competency, Community Policing,
Effective Interactions— Deaf/Hard of Hearing Community, Emotional Intelligence, Ethics,
Implicit Bias, Legitimacy and Procedural Justice, among other subjects (Attachments 1 and 2).
503.635.0215 380 A Avenue PO BOX 369 Lake Oswego, OR 97034 www.lakeoswego.city
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Successful completion of coursework is required to obtain a Basic Certification. Officers are
tested throughout the 16 weeks and must pass both knowledge and skill-based tests.
Continued certifications for police officers include Intermediate, Advanced, Management, and
Executive.
Ongoing In-Service training: LOPD provides ongoing training for officers, including:
• Police Legitimacy, Procedural Justice and Implicit Bias Training (PLPJ) is an ethics
course for all LOPD members to enhance skills, knowledge and engagement around
current community-police relationships, building community trust and understanding
how personal bias can influence critical decision-making. This highly interactive program
builds upon the foundations of the Academy's community relations course work,
involves real life examples of police interactions with their communities and best
practice techniques for fostering trust between police officers and the community. PLPJ
is an annual, four-hour training.
• Crisis Intervention Training (CIT) is a forty-hour, one-time course required for all LOPD
officers to complete within their first year.This certification provides classroom and
scenario training on effective intervention and de-escalation techniques for individuals
in crisis.
• Ethics is a four-hour training occurring every one to two years to enhance an officer's
skills around making appropriate decisions under current law. Course topics may include
bias training when available.
Other training includes de-escalation training, scenario-based training, decision-making, and
History of Policing.
Community Training: Police officers attend community trainings as they become available,
generally every one to three years such as the PGE Diversity Summit in Portland, Building
Bridges— Muslim Education Trust in Tigard, and the Lake Oswego Multi-City Equity Summit.
Community trainings are also integrated within existing partnerships, including:
• Museum of Tolerance: Over the past several years the City of Lake Oswego has
cultivated a partnership with the Museum of Tolerance, which offers law enforcement-
focused training on race relations and personal bias. In 2018, members of the Police
Management Team, City Executive Team, City Council members, Lake Oswego School
District and other community partners went to the Museum of Tolerance to learn about
the historical and current impacts of institutional racism. This experience led to equity
efforts such as the 2019 Multi-City Equity Summit and joint discussions among those
community leaders to share information about diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI)
initiatives and potential collaboration opportunities.
• Word is Bond:There are two components to the LOPD partnership with Word is Bond.
First, the Rising Leaders internship program, which focuses on building leadership skills
503.635.0215 380 A Avenue PO BOX 369 Lake Oswego, OR 97034 www.lakeoswego.city
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for young Black men and improving relationships with law enforcement. Officers and
young Black men attend this course together for 29 hours over the course of six weeks
during the summer. Second, the Multimedia Storytelling Project. In February 2021,
several 2-3 hour listening sessions took place with small groups of police officers to raise
awareness of the personal experiences of young Black men and their vision for
community safety. These events were an opportunity for officers to spark dialogue
about how to improve trust and community engagement.
CONCLUSION
The police officer recruitment, hiring and training processes are extensive to meet State, City
and department standards, in addition to incorporating community expectations. Although
some aspects of the outlined processes are static due to legal requirements, others are dynamic
to allow changes in procedure to foster a diverse candidate pool and provide holistic training
opportunities for Lake Oswego police officers.
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment 1— Police Academy Course List
Attachment 2— Police Academy Course Themes
503.635.0215 380 A Avenue PO BOX 369 Lake Oswego, OR 97034 www.lakeoswego.city
ATTACHMENT
Department QfPublic Safety Standards and Training
Hour Breakdown
640-HourBasic Police
Updated: OS/2Ol9
COURSE HOURS
COMMUNITY RELATIONS 60.5
Communication 10
Community Competency 6
Community Crime Prevention 2
Community Policing 6
Effective |nteractions - Deaf/HardofHeehngCommunity 2
Emotional Intelligence 7
Ethics U
History of Policing 2
Implicit Bias U
Legitimacy and Procedural Justice 4
Problem Solving 1.5
Problem-Oriented Policing 2
Roles and Responsibilities 4
BEHAVIORAL HEALTH 18
Behaviona| Hea|th -Awaneneso D
Behavioral Health Legal Considerations 2
Behavioral Health - De-escalation 4
Behavioral Health -Vetenans Awareness 4
Behavioral Health Scenarios See Below
OFFICER WELLNESS 44.5
Fitness and Nutrition G
0RPAT 7
Physical Fitness Training 20.5
Resiliency 8
Stress First Aid 3
Page Iura
Attachment
INVESTIGATIONS 60
Criminal Investigations 4
Domestic Violence 12
Domestic Violence Scenarios See Below
Forensics 4
Interview and Interrogation 4
Interview and Interrogation Scenarios See Below
Investigations- Child Abuse 8
Investigations- Controlled Substance 3
Investigations-Crash 6
Investigations- Elder Abuse 4
Investigations- Missing Persons 1
Investigations- OLCC 2
Investigations- Sexual Assault 8
Investigations- Unattended Death 4
LEGAL 81
Civil Rights & Liabilities 4
Criminal Law- Property 8
Criminal Law - Persons 8
Criminal Law- Public Order and Weapons 2
Criminal Law - State and Public Justice 2
Criminal Law-Controlled Substances 2
DMV Hearings 1
Introduction to the Justice System 4
Juvenile Law 4
Mock Trial 8
Officer in Court 3
Procedural Law 12
Supporting Victims of Crime 1
Use of Force Law 4
Use of Force- Decision Making and Report Writing 18
Use of Force/Decision Making Scenarios See Below
PATROL PROCEDURES 54
Bombs and Explosives 2
Drugs that Impair Driving 8
Gang Awareness 2
Intoxilyzer Certification 6
Motor Vehicle Code/Traffic Law Enforcement 7.5
Report Writing 6.5
Standardized Field Sobriety Testing 16
Wet Lab 6
Page 2 of 3
Attachment 1
SKILLS 198
Building Search and Tactical Movement 16
Defensive Tactics 52
Emergency Vehicle Operation Course (EVOC) 44
Firearms 60
Tactical Emergency Casualty Care 2
Vehicle Stops 24
SCENARIOS 92
Application Scenarios 54
Behavioral Health Scenarios 8
Domestic Violence Scenarios 4
DUI' Scenarios 4
Interview and Interrogation Scenarios 4
Use of Force/Decision Making Scenarios 18
ADMINISTRATION 32
Academy Orientation / Debrief 6
Certification Workshop/ Revocation 0.5
Graduation Activities 6
Quizzes/ Examinations / Review 13
Report/ Project Work 6.5
640
OPTIONAL COURSEWORK
Emotional Survival for Families 1.25
Lidar 2
Radar 6
9.25
Page 3 of 3
Attachment 1
Academy Foundation Building Topics Phase 1 ATTACHMENT 2
Emotional Roles and Communication
Intelligence Responsibilites
History of Ethics Community
Policing Competency
4
Legitimacy a n d
Implicit Bias Community
Procedural Im
p Policing
Justice
Attachment 2
Academy Themes- Through Phase 2
Officer
Emotional
Legal Foundation
Intelligence Physical Skills
Civil Rights Law
Communication Complexities
Procedural Law l
Role Defensive
Criminal Law Tactics Application
Ethics De-Escalation
Use of Force Firearms
Resiliency Law Behavioral Labs
Tactics Health
Scenarios
Safety Community
Relationships
Attachment 2